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This chapter prophesies the destruction of Babylon. Babylon was used by the Lord for the chastisement of His people, as well as other nations, for their evil ways. Now Babylon had to be destroyed. God would use Cyrus the Great, founder of the Persian Empire. His army, led by his son Belshazzar, defeated the Babylonians in 539 BC and established the largest empire the world had ever seen. This destruction was foretold by Isaiah some 100 years before and now it is again foretold by Jeremiah some 60 years before. Even as the Babylonian Empire reached its peak, Jeremiah spoke of its destruction.
Isaiah prophesied the deliverance of Israel from the bondage of slavery. This symbolized the deliverance of sinners from the bondage of sin. Jeremiah prophesied the same event as a triumph of the New Testament Church over the New Testament Babylon (Satan), which was a much greater Babylon and caused much more destruction than did Isaiah's Babylon. So hope is given the Jews who were in bondage that their day of salvation would surly come.
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